High Molecular Compounds and Polymers High molecular compounds are substances with large molecular masses, typically including polymers. Polymers consist of repeating units called monomers that form long chains. These structures can vary widely depending on the type and arrangement of their monomeric components.
Polymerization Process Explained Polymerization involves breaking pi bonds in molecules like alkenes to link them into larger polymer chains. This process creates dimers, tetramers, or even longer chains by repeatedly connecting individual molecules through chemical reactions.
Degree of Polymerization Calculation The degree of polymerization (N) is determined by dividing the total mass of a solid homopolymer by its monomer's molar mass. For example, polyethylene formed from ethylene has an N value calculated based on given weights and molar values.
Condensation Reaction for Polymer Formation Polykondensation occurs when functional groups in different monomers react to release small molecules such as water or ammonia while forming polymers like polyethylene glycol (PEG). The reaction continues until all available reactive sites are consumed.
'Natural', 'Artificial,' & Synthetic Origins Defined. 'Natural' refers naturally occurring biological macromolecules; artificial ones chemically modified versions thereof whereas synthetics entirely human-made products derived industrially via synthetic chemistry methods