What is the European Parliament?

The European Parliament, one of two EU co‑legislators alongside the Council, comprises 705 MEPs elected by EU citizens via national parties who then join seven EU‑wide political groups, working across Brussels, Strasbourg, and Luxembourg. It legislates by amending and voting on Commission proposals through 20 policy committees before sending texts to the Council, supervises the executive by holding hearings, demanding explanations, approving Commission appointments, and wielding a no‑confidence vote, and shapes finances by setting the EU budget and the seven‑year Multiannual Financial Framework. Leadership rests with a President chosen by secret ballot with an absolute majority for a renewable 2.5‑year term; currently Roberta Metsola oversees procedures, administration, and orderly plenary debates. Through lawmaking, oversight, and budget control, the Parliament helps ensure EU citizens’ interests are taken into account.