Mitosis is the process of cell division that enables regeneration of body parts. It involves four key phases: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. During prophase, chromatin condenses into chromosomes with sister chromatids joined at the centromere. In metaphase, microtubules interact with chromosomes to align them along the middle of the cell. Anaphase sees sister chromatids separate and move towards opposite poles as microtubules shorten. Telophase marks arrival of daughter chromosomes at poles and reformation of nuclear components.