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The Shoreline Paradox [Veritasium]

A natural rock formation called the '12 Apostles' shows how progressive erosion can alter appearances, leaving only eight remaining despite the impressive name. Australia's coastline length varies dramatically with the scale of measurement; using large segments yields about 12.5 thousand kilometers, while finer divisions nearly double the total. The paradox is evident when simple vertex connections give a shorter length compared to detailed measurements that capture every bay and inlet. Refining the measurement unit further—even down to the size of water molecules—reveals a boundary with infinite complexity, mirroring fractal patterns like the Koch snowflake.