State-Centered Nature of International Law International law primarily regulates the conduct of states, which are the main actors in this system. While responsibilities of international organizations and transnational corporations have gained attention recently, legal instruments still focus on states. There is no central authority governing international law; it operates horizontally without a single body enforcing laws or making them.
The Importance of State Consent Consent from states is essential for establishing obligations within international law since there’s no overarching authority to enforce rules. This consent signifies that nations agree to adhere to specific legal frameworks voluntarily.
Collective Responsibility Under International Law In contrast with individual accountability seen in national systems, responsibility under international law tends toward collective state liability as entities rather than individuals alone being held accountable for violations like war crimes or genocide.
'Sovereign Equality' and Non-Intervention Principles 'Sovereign equality' asserts that all states possess equal rights and duties regardless of their differences while respecting each other's sovereignty. Additionally, non-intervention prohibits any state from interfering in another's internal matters through direct actions such as inciting political instability or coercion.
Prohibition on Use Of Force & Human Rights Preservation The use of force among member nations is largely prohibited except under limited circumstances: collective action authorized by the UN Security Council during threats to peace and self-defense against armed attacks per Article 51. Furthermore, preserving peace alongside human rights remains paramount following historical conflicts like World War II—highlighted by commitments outlined in the United Nations Charter promoting respect for fundamental freedoms globally.