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ENG503_Topic002

Understanding Methods and Approaches in English Language Teaching English language teaching (ELT) is often perceived as synonymous with its methods and approaches. An approach defines the underlying beliefs about language learning, while a method translates these theories into practical classroom strategies, focusing on skills, content order, and execution techniques. Kamara Davalloo categorizes ELT methods into three forms: learner-centered (e.g., grammar translation emphasizing accuracy), learning-centered (e.g., communicative needs like CLT), and task-based centered around specific activities.

Key ELT Methods Explained The grammar-translation method emphasizes memorization of rules through translations between languages. The structural approach views language as a sequence of grammatical structures to be learned systematically; the direct method prioritizes immersion without explicit focus on grammar but stresses pronunciation instead. Audio-lingualism relies heavily on repetitive drills for habit formation; total physical response builds oral comprehension via simple instructions in target languages. Communicative Language Teaching focuses real-life communication scenarios ensuring learners practice relevant acts effectively—task-based variations assign students actionable tasks under teacher guidance within set parameters finally naturalistic methodologies emphasize organic acquisition by leveraging similarities across native-target tongues avoiding error corrections entirely.